Transformasi Paradigma Teori Organisasi: Analisis Perkembangan dari Pendekatan Klasik hingga Kontemporer dalam Studi Manajemen Modern

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the paradigm shift of organizational theory in Islamic educational management, particularly in understanding the development of organizational approaches from classical to contemporary paradigms in the management practices of Islamic educational institutions. The phenomenon of changes in the educational environment, demands for quality improvement, and social and technological dynamics encourage Islamic educational institutions to adjust their organizational management patterns to be more adaptive and responsive to change. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study design to gain an in-depth understanding of organizational practices in Islamic educational institutions. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and documentation studies. Research participants consisted of educational institution leaders, madrasah principals, senior teachers, and education staff selected using purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Data analysis was conducted through an interactive analysis model that includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study indicate that the paradigm shift of organizational theory in Islamic educational management is characterized by four main themes: the dominance of the classical organizational paradigm in institutional structures, the development of a humanistic approach in educational leadership, the strengthening of organizations as open systems through interaction with the external environment, and the emergence of adaptive organizational practices that integrate Islamic values ​​with modern management approaches. These findings indicate that the transformation of organizational paradigms in Islamic educational institutions is a dynamic process influenced by structural factors, organizational culture, and changes in the educational environment. This research provides theoretical contributions to the development of Islamic educational management studies and offers practical implications for educational institution managers in building more adaptive and participatory organizations.